Table 1.

Participant characteristics.

	M(SD)	Range
Age (years)	32.38 (4.6)	19−43
No. weeks pregnant	26.22 (9.43)	4−42
No. children	.78 (.993)	0−7

	n	%
Nationality
American	220	39.2
Other	53	9.9
British	60	10.7
Canadian	13	2.3
Irish	215	38.3
Current country of residence
America	243	42.6
Australia	4	.7
Bahrain	1	.2
Canada	15	2.6
Ireland	235	41.2
United Kingdom	57	10.0
Germany	2	.4
Guam	1	.2
New Zealand	2	.4
Northern Ireland	3	.5
Norway	1	.2
Scotland	1	.2
South Africa	2	.4
Spain	1	.2
Wales	2	.4
Ethnic/cultural background
Irish	224	39.2
Irish Traveller	1	.2
Other white background	289	50.5
African	6	1.0
Other Black background	3	.5
Other Asian background	7	1.2
Hispanic/Latina	13	2.3
Mixed Ethnicity	13	2.3
Other	10	1.7
Not stated	6	1.0
Highest level of education
Secondary school	26	4.6
Technical/vocational qualification	39	6.8
Non-degree qualification	53	9.3
Undergraduate degree	213	37.3
Postgraduate degree	197	34.5
Doctorate	43	7.5
Relationship status
Married	457	80.0
Cohabiting	76	13.3
In a relationship	29	5.1
Single	9	1.6
First pregnancy
No	325	57.2
Yes	243	42.8
Prior pregnancy loss
Never	365	63.7
Yes, once	141	24.6
Yes, twice	39	6.8
Yes, 3 or more times	28	4.9