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Comparison of roles of TGF-β1 and PDGF in PMF activation. TGF-β1 signaling acts through SMAD2/3/4, to promote an ECM deposition and prime PMFs for further activation, in part through upregulation of PDGFR’s. Upon upregulation of PDGFR PMFs are sensitized to PDGF. The ensuing signaling cascade through PI3K/AKT and RAS/RAF/MEK/ERK1/2 signaling results in augmented cell survival and proliferation
