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. 2022 Apr 29;163:104783. doi: 10.1016/j.ijmedinf.2022.104783

Table 3.

Pre- and post-survey results.

Study construct Survey Tool (component) Mean(SD) 95% Confidence Interval Median(IQRs) n Mann-Whitney U Z value p-value r
Well-being Well-being Index % Pre 61.29(17.84) 59.80–62.78 64.00(48.00–76.00) 550 86186.50 −5.265 <0.001** 0.17
Post 54.65(20.11) 52.66–56.64 56.00(40.00–68.00) 392
Maslach Burnout Inventory (Exhaustion) Pre 2.05(1.16) 1.95–2.15 1.67(1.33–2.67) 547 115713.50 2.515 0.012* 0.08
Post 2.19(1.13) 2.08–2.30 2(1.33–3.00) 386
Maslach Burnout Inventory (Cynicism) Pre 1.47(1.23) 1.37–1.57 1.33(0.67–2.00) 547 113872.50 2.058 0.040* 0.07
Post 1.57(1.12) 1.46–1.68 1.33(0.67–2.33) 386
Maslach Burnout Inventory (Reduced Efficiency) Pre 1.74(1.03) 1.65–1.83 1.67(1.00–2.33) 547 145224.50 9.755 <0.001** 0.32
Post 2.37(0.87) 2.28–2.46 2.33(1.67–3.00) 387
Work engagement Work satisfaction Pre 7.81(1.96) 7.65–7.97 8.00(7.00–9.00) 546 79090.00 −6.938 <0.001** 0.23
Post 6.99(2.03) 6.79–7.19 7.00(6.00–8.00) 392
Intention to stay Pre 8.10(2.60) 7.88–8.32 9.00(7.00–10.00) 546 93811.50 −3.392 0.001** 0.11
Post 7.53(2.79) 7.25–7.81 9.00(6.00–10.00) 392
Utrecht Work Engagement Scale (Vigour) Pre 3.40(1.06) 3.31–3.49 3.00(3.00–4.00) 547 89539.50 −4.070 <0.001** 0.13
Post 3.03(1.30) 2.90–3.16 3.00(2.00–4.00) 385
Utrecht Work Engagement Scale (Dedication) Pre 4.30(1.09) 4.21–4.39 4.00(4.00–5.00) 547 90210.00 −3.297 <0.001** 0.13
Post 3.98(1.23) 3.86–4.10 4.00(3.00–5.00) 386
Utrecht Work Engagement Scale (Absorption) Pre 4.24(1.09) 4.15–4.33 4.00(4.00–5.00) 545 99689.00 −1.345 0.179
Post 4.12(1.18) 4.00–4.24 4.00(3.00–5.00) 385
Career Trajectory Satisfaction Pre 3.65(0.83) 3.58–3.72 4.00(3.00–4.00) 546 87600.00 −4.590 <0.001** 0.15
Post 3.34(1.00) 3.24–3.44 4.00(3.00–4.00) 384
Psychological Safety Pre 2.91(0.77) 2.85–2.97 3.00(2.5–3.5) 547 111815.50 1.786 0.074
Post 2.98(0.84) 2.90–3.06 3.00(2.5–3.5) 383
Motivation to use technology Autonomy and Competence in Technology Adoption (Perceived competence) Pre 3.36(1.07) 3.27–3.45 3.50(2.50–4.00) 544 118354.00 3.052 0.002* 0.10
Post 3.57(1.10) 3.46–3.68 3.50(3.00–4.50) 390
Autonomy and Competence in Technology Adoption (Relative Autonomy Index) Pre 0.02(1.07) −0.07–0.11 0.00(-0.67–0.67) 544 93926.00 −2.993 0.003* 0.10
Post −0.23(1.19) −0.35- −0.11 −0.17(-1.00–0.50) 390
Experience using electronic medical record Technology Effects on Need Satisfaction-Interface (Competence) Post 3.22(0.91) 3.13–3.31 3.20(2.60–3.80) 390 N/A N/A N/A N/A
Technology Effects on Need Satisfaction-Interface (Autonomy) Post 3.31(0.96) 3.21–3.41 3.40(2.60–4.00) 391 N/A N/A N/A N/A
Technology Effects on Need Satisfaction-Interface (Relatedness) Post 2.66(0.95) 2.57–2.75 2.60(2.00–3.20) 390 N/A N/A N/A N/A
Technology Effects on Need Satisfaction-Task (Competence) Post 3.64(0.77) 3.56–3.72 3.75(3.13–4.25) 389 N/A N/A N/A N/A
Technology Effects on Need Satisfaction-Task (Autonomy) Post 3.47(0.80) 3.39–3.55 3.50(3.00–4.00) 389 N/A N/A N/A N/A
Technology Effects on Need Satisfaction-Task (Relatedness) Post 3.55(0.86) 3.46–3.64 3.50(3.00–4.25) 390 N/A N/A N/A N/A
Technology Effects on Need Satisfaction-Life (Competence) Post 3.92(1.07) 3.81–4.03 4.00(3.33–5.00) 387 N/A N/A N/A N/A
Technology Effects on Need Satisfaction-Life (Autonomy) Post 3.30(1.09) 3.19–3.41 3.50(2.50–4.00) 388 N/A N/A N/A N/A
Technology Effects on Need Satisfaction-Life (Relatedness) Post 2.10(1.06) 1.99–2.21 2.00(1.00–3.00) 389 N/A N/A N/A N/A

N/A = Not applicable *p < 0.05. **p < 0.01. r = 0.1 = small effect size, 0.3 = medium effect size.