Table 3.
Comparison of diagnostic performance of mNGS and CMTs in immunocompromised patients
| CMTs | mNGS | |||||||||
|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
| Sensitivity% (95% CI) |
Specificity% (95% CI) |
PPV% (95% CI) |
NPV% (95% CI) |
Accuracy% (95% CI) |
Sensitivity% (95% CI) |
Specificity% (95% CI) |
PPV% (95% CI) |
NPV% (95% CI) |
Accuracy% (95% CI) |
|
| Bacterial pneumonia | 36 (21–50) | 82 (73–90) | 53 (31–74) | 69 (62–76) | 65 (54–76) | 80 (63–92) | 73 (63–79) | 63 (49–72) | 87 (75–94) | 75 (63–84) |
| Fungal pneumonia | 50 (37–62) | 63 (50–75) | 57 (42–71) | 54 (45–67) | 57 (44–69) | 91 (79–98) | 66 (54–72) | 72 (63–77) | 89 (73–97) | 78 (66–85) |
| Pneumocystis jiroveciia | 28 (16–28) | 100 (91–100) | 100 (58–100) | 71 (66–71) | 74 (66–74) | 100 (86–100) | 86 (79–86) | 81 (70–81) | 100 (90–100) | 91 (82–91) |
| Pneumocystis jiroveciib | 88 (72–97) | 84 (75–89) | 76 (62–83) | 93 (83–98) | 86 (74–92) | 100 (86–100) | 86 (79–86) | 81 (70–81) | 100 (90–100) | 91 (82–91) |
| Aspergillus spp. | 86 (63–99) | 97 (92–98) | 75 (41–87) | 98 (94–100) | 96 (88–98) | 57 (23–71) | 98 (95–100) | 80 (33–99) | 95 (92–97) | 94 (87–97) |
| Viral pneumonia | 53 (34–53) | 100 (95–100) | 100 (64–100) | 89 (84–89) | 90 (81–90) | 93 (70–100) | 83 (77–85) | 61 (46–65) | 98 (90–100) | 86 (75–88) |
mNGS metagenomic next-generation sequencing, CMTs conventional microbiological tests, PPV positive predictive value, NPV negative predictive value
aDetect by Gomori methenamine silver staining only
bDetect by a combination of Gomori methenamine silver staining and serum (1,3)-b-D-glucan (≥ 80 ng/l was defined as positive)