TABLE.
Overview of Partnering Practices and Sources of Evidence From the Scoping Review and Critical Interpretive Synthesis
| Domains of Practice | Partnering Practices | Promising Ways to Put These Practices Into Action | Sources of Evidence From Scoping Review/ Critical Interpretive Synthesis (First Author) |
|---|---|---|---|
| Governance and process | Practices that have to do with assigning authority, making decisions, and creating accountability as people work together toward an agreed end. Ways in which partnerships set priorities and directions, seek alignment between personal, organizational, and partnership goals; set intentions; and determine who gets to be involved in these processes. |
Set shared priorities and objectives | Beran,16 Buse,17 Citrin,18 Dean,19 El Bcheraoui,20 Herrick,21 John,22 Kamya,23 Leffers,24 Lips,25 Neuhann26, Njelesani,27 Pattberg,28 Perez-Escamilla,29 Yarmoshuk30 |
| Make decisions with transparency | Beran, Bruen,31 Buse, Citrin, Coffey,32 Herrick, John, Kamya, Perez-Escamilla, Steenhoff,33 Storr,34 Upvall35 | ||
| Establish shared values and vision | Beran, Birch,36 Buse, Citrin, Coffey, El-Bcheraoui, John, Lipsky, Murphy, Ndenga,37 Pattberg, Shriharan,38 Underwood,39 Yarmoshuk, Yassi40 | ||
| Articulate needs and expectations of what skills, roles, people are needed | Beran, Herrick, Lipsky, Pattberg, Sandwell | ||
| Establish agreements (e.g., memorandum of understanding) | Beran, Buse, Lipsky, Steenhoff | ||
| Create transparent accountability mechanisms | Bruen, Perez-Escamilla | ||
| Prioritize authentic partnering and reciprocity | Beran, Dean, Kamya, John, Murphy, Neuhann, Njelesani, Ridde,41 Sriharan, Storr, Theissen,42 Yarmoshuk | ||
| Share leadership, decision making | Beran, Coffey, Dean, Kamya, Lipsky, Neuhann, Pattberg, Steenhoff, Storr, Theissen, Upvall | ||
| Clarify roles and responsibilities | Birch, John, Kamya, Lipsky, Neuhann, Pattberg | ||
| Communicate clearly and often | Beran, Birch, Coffey, Dean, John, Neuhann, Njelesani, Perez-Escamilla, Ridde, Steenhoff, Storr | ||
| Build trust and relationships | Beran, Birch, Buse, Citrin, Coffey, Herrick, John, Kamya, Leffers, Lipsky, Ndenga, Njelesani, Pattberg, Ramaswamy,43 Sandwell, Sriharan, Storr, Theissen, Upvall, Yassi | ||
| Plan for sustainable resourcing and finances | Beran, Birch, Buse, Dean, Herrick, John, Leffers, Lipsky, Pattberg, Sandwell, Steenhoff, Yarmoshuk, Yassi | ||
| Procedures and operations | Practices that have to do with the day-to-day management and conduct of work by people involved in the partnership. These practices include what routine opportunities people are afforded by virtue of participating in the partnership (e.g., gaining skills) and the day-to-day operational procedures (e.g., budget allocation; how resources are shared). | Use conflict-resolution mechanisms | Bruen, Buse, Lipsky, Neuhann, Pattberg, Perez-Escamilla, Steenhoff |
| Distribute resources equitably | Beran, Citrin, Dean, Herrick, Neuhann, Pattberg, Storr, Yarmoshuk | ||
| Provide fair salaries and compensation | Dean, Herrick, Ridde, Yarmoshuk | ||
| Be aware of, and respond to, local needs, cultures, and contexts | Beran, Birch, Citrin, Coffey, John, Leffers, Ramaswamy, Ridde, Sriharan, Storr, Underwood, Upvall, Yarmoshuk | ||
| Actively monitor ethical issues | Birch, Buse, Murphy, Njelesani, Ridde, Yassi | ||
| Use transparent management and evaluation mechanisms | Birch, Bruen, Citrin, El Bcheraoui, Kamya, Lipsky, Njelesani, Neuhann, Pattberg, Ramaswamy, Steenhoff, Yassi | ||
| Do risk assessments and mitigate unpredictable (or unintended) changes, impacts, and risks | Buse, Murphy, Pattberg, Ridde, Steenhoff | ||
| Recognize contributions | Beran, Buse, Kamya, Lipsky | ||
| Make efforts to mitigate inequities in wealth, resources, and power | Dean, Herrick, Murphy, Njelesani, Pattberg, Ridde, Yarmoshuk, Yassi | ||
| Recognize inequities that exist both within the partnership setting and between partners | Birch, Buse, Herrick, Njelesani, Pattberg, Ridde, Storr, Underwood, Upvall, Yarmoshuk | ||
| Adopt adaptive, flexible, responsive implementation approaches | Citrin, Lipsky, Perez-Escamilla, Ramaswamy | ||
| Use evidence to inform action | Buse, El-Bcheraoui, Pattberg | ||
| Provide access to mentoring and training | Birch, Dean, Herrick, John, Leffers, Ridde, Steenhoff, Underwood, Upvall, Yarmoshuk | ||
| Progress and impacts | Practices that have to do with determining and setting goals for personal, partner, community, and overall benefits of the partnership and its outputs, outcomes, and products—both actual and potential (e.g., alignment with local priorities), including long-term sustainability of the partnership and/or its benefits. | Monitor performance and impacts | Beran, Bruen, Buse, Dean, Herrick, Leffers, Pattberg, Ramaswamy, Yassi |
| Focus on learning and solutions | Citrin, Dean, El-Bcheraoui, John, Neuhann, Njelesani, Ramaswamy, Ridde, Storr, Underwood, Upvall, Yassi | ||
| Plan knowledge translation efforts that respond to local needs | Beran, Birch, Coffey, Murphy, Njelesani | ||
| Consider long-term vision and impacts, including on human rights, environment, Sustainable Developments Goals, how the partnership will advance equity | Birch, Citrin, Coffey, El-Bcheraoui, Herrick, John, Leffers, Lipsky, Njelesani, Pattberg, Perez-Escamilla, Ramaswamy, Steenhoff, Storr, Theissen | ||
| Prioritize positive local impacts | Buse, Citrin, Coffey, Herrick, Lipsky, Neuhann, Pattberg, Ramaswamy, Ridde, Sriharan | ||
| Actively enable people to make meaningful contributions | Beran, Buse, Coffey, Dean, Lipsky, Njelesani, Ridde, Upvall, Yassi | ||
| Consider equity in authorship and publication | Citrin, Dean, Murphy, Ridde | ||
| Power and inclusion | Practices that have to do with awareness and responsiveness to power dynamics, issues of equity and representation, voice, feelings of genuine inclusion, and relational experience of being in a partnership. | Practice inclusive, participatory processes that value different perspectives | Coffey, Lipsky, Murphy, Ngenga, Neuhann, Njelesani, Ridde, Sriharan, Theissen, Yarmoshuk, Yassi |
| Know and use partners' strengths | Buse, Lipsky, Neuhann, Njelesani, Ramaswamy, Ridde, Sandwell, Theissen, Upvall | ||
| Include diverse perspectives and all the relevant stakeholders, especially across genders and by communities intended as beneficiaries | Beran, Birch, Bruen, Buse, Coffey, Kamya, Leffers, Ridde, Sandwell, Steenhoff, Theissen, Yarmoshuk | ||
| Seek to understand diverse perspectives and their relationship to power, mitigate power imbalances | Beran, Citrin, Coffey, Dean, John, Murphy, Njelesani, Ridde, Sriharan, Storr, Upvall | ||
| Value and recognize technical skills | Beran, Kamya, Lipsky, Njelesani | ||
| Strive for reciprocity | Citrin, Kamya, Lipsky, Njelesani, Ridde, Sandwell, Theissen, Upvall, Yarmoshuk | ||
| Invite genuine participation, listen actively to all relevant stakeholders, avoid token involvement | Beran, Citrin, Dean, Ridde, Sandwell, Sriharan, Storr, Theissen, Yarmoshuk |