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. 2021 Aug 27;1:28. doi: 10.1038/s43856-021-00029-9

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© The Author(s) 2021

Open Access This article is licensed under a Creative Commons Attribution 4.0 International License, which permits use, sharing, adaptation, distribution and reproduction in any medium or format, as long as you give appropriate credit to the original author(s) and the source, provide a link to the Creative Commons license, and indicate if changes were made. The images or other third party material in this article are included in the article’s Creative Commons license, unless indicated otherwise in a credit line to the material. If material is not included in the article’s Creative Commons license and your intended use is not permitted by statutory regulation or exceeds the permitted use, you will need to obtain permission directly from the copyright holder. To view a copy of this license, visit http://creativecommons.org/licenses/by/4.0/.

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Fig. 3 — This figure shows the predicted 5-year mortality rate for each measure of frailty or multimorbidity (panel (a) frailty index, (b) frailty phenotype, (c) Charlson index, (d) long-term condition count). Coloured lines or points indicate point estimates for predicted 5-year mortality. Men are shown in blue, and women in red. Shaded areas indicate 95% confidence intervals. Grey circles indicate the number of participants with each level of frailty or multimorbidity. Models are adjusted for age, sex, socioeconomic status, body mass index, smoking, and alcohol. Predicted 5-year mortality is based on age 60, socioeconomic status and body mass index held at the sample mean, previous smokers, and 1–4 times weekly alcohol intake.