Table 1.
Comparison of characteristics of cases and controls
| Characteristic | Cases (n=35) | Controls (n=35) | Significance of difference |
|---|---|---|---|
| Mean age±SD (years) | 23.94±4.45 | 23.83±4.64 | t=0.105; P=0.917 |
| Mean BMI±SD (kg/m2) | 27.61±5.74 | 25.37±4.35 | t=1.842; P=0.070 |
| BMI category (kg/m2), n (%) | |||
| Normal weight (18.5-22.9) | 9 (25.7) | 10 (28.6) | χ2=0.545; P=0.762 |
| Overweight (23-24.9) | 10 (28.6) | 12 (34.3) | |
| Obese (>25.0) | 16 (45.7) | 13 (37.1) | |
| Mean fasting glucose±SD (mg/dl) | 94.06±10.27 | 81.77±8.82 | t=5.369; P<0.001 |
| Mean fasting insulin±SD (µmol/L) | 23.35±33.35 | 11.09±12.05 | t=2.034; P=0.046 |
| Hyperinsulinaemia, n (%) | 4 (11.4) | 2 (5.7) | χ2=0.729; P=0.393 |
| Mean HOMA-IR±SD | 5.61±8.56 | 2.29±2.63 | t=2.191; P=0.032 |
| Insulin resistance, n (%) | 23 (65.7) | 10 (28.6) | χ2=9.689; P=0.002 |
| Mean HCy±SD (µmol/L) | 17.93±9.86 | 10.32±5.95 | t=3.911; P<0.001 |
| Hyperhomocysteinaemia, n (%) | 22 (62.9) | 7 (20.0) | χ2=13.25; P<0.001 |
SD=Standard deviation, BMI=Body mass index, HOMA-IR=Homoeostatic assessment of insulin resistance