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. 2022 Mar 23;127(5):1209–1220. doi: 10.1152/jn.00004.2022

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Figure 8. — Hyperdirect pathway (HDP) bouton action potentials (APs) in the subthalamic nucleus (STN). Stacked histograms display the time course of putative bouton action potentials within the Petersen atlas-based (A–C) and arborized (D–F) HDP models under deep brain stimulation (DBS) delivered in three configurations: cathodal monopolar (A and D), anodal monopolar (B and E), and bipolar (C and F). Cathodal stimulation was performed at 1 mA, anodal at 1.5 mA, and bipolar at 3.0 mA; amplitudes were selected based upon levels at which the HDP became ∼50% activated.