Table 2.
Bivariate Comparisons Between Black Women Without and With Symptoms of Perinatal Mood and Anxiety Disorders (PMADs)
| Without Symptoms PMADs (n = 133, 44%) | With Symptoms of PMADs (n = 169, 56%) | p-value | |
|---|---|---|---|
| n = 302 | |||
| Demographics | |||
| Current age, m ± sd | 26.03 ± 6.61 | 26.44 ± 5.60 | 0.562 |
| Age During Most Recent Pregnancy, m ± sd | 24.78 ± 6.49 | 25.36 ± 5.70 | 0.410 |
| Relationship Status, n (%) | 73 (56%) | 93 (55%) | 0.949 |
| Single | 58 (44%) | 75 (45%) | |
| Married or living with partner | |||
| Highest Level of Education Completed, n (%) | 94 (71%) | 106 (63%) | 0.209 |
| ≤ High School | 17 (13%) | 27 (16%) | |
| Trade/Technical College | 21 (16%) | 36 (21%) | |
| Undergraduate or Graduate/Professional Degree | |||
| Employed, n (%) | 70 (53%) | 81 (48%) | 0.380 |
| Insured, n (%) | 104 (79%) | 137 (81%) | 0.717 |
| Have a Regular Health Care Provider, n (%) | 101 (77%) | 131 (78%) | 0.838 |
| Annual Household Income, n (%) | 71 (54%) | 88 (52%) | 0.576 |
| ≤ $9,999 | 27 (21%) | 30 (18%) | |
| $10,000–$19,999 | 19 (14%) | 25 (15%) | |
| $20,000–$29,999 | 5 (4%) | 14 (8%) | |
| $30,000–$39,999 | 5 (4%) | 3 (2%) | |
| $40,000–$49,999 | 5 (4%) | 6 (5%) | |
| ≥ $50,000 | |||
| Adverse Childhood Experiences | |||
| As a child, n (%): | |||
| Lived with a household member or adult who had a mental illness | 20 (16%) | 47 (32%) | 0.006 |
| Lived with a household member or adult who used illicit drugs or was a problem drinker | 30 (23%) | 56 (35%) | 0.020 |
| Experienced physical abuse | 22 (18%) | 50 (31%) | 0.030 |
| Experienced emotional abuse | 44 (35%) | 96 (61%) | 0.000 |
| Experienced sexual abuse | 16 (12%) | 48 (29%) | 0.002 |
| Self-esteem | |||
| Self-esteem Scale Score, m ± sd | 35.40 ± 4.49 | 31.13 ± 5.24 | 0.000 |
| Before Pregnancy: Symptoms of Depression or Anxiety | |||
| Symptoms of depression or anxiety before pregnancy, m ± sd | 24 (18%) | 77 (46%) | 0.000 |