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. 2022 Apr 29;38(6):101. doi: 10.1007/s11274-022-03283-8

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Fig. 4 — Biofilm formation of different strains and metabolites combinations (i.e., treatment). (a) Optical density (OD 590 nm ± SE) after 24 h, 48 and 72 h (i.e., time); (b) Normalized biofilm formation (OD 590 nm / OD 540 nm ± SE) after 48 h. Azospirillum = Azospirillum oryzae NBT506; Bacillus = Bacillus velezensis UTB96; CFC = cell-free culture; BS = biosurfactant; LB = Luria broth. Stars indicate significant effect of the treatments, time and their interactions (*** P < 0.001) and different letters highlight significant differences among treatments (P < 0.05)