. 2021 Oct 14;50(5):621–636. doi: 10.1007/s10802-021-00879-w

Table 3.

Hierarchical regression analyses of real-life aggression regressed both on instrumental goals and aggressive responses


Step	Predictor	β	β SE	95% CI	∆R²	df	F change	β	β SE	95% CI	∆R²	df	F change
1	Vignette: Instrumental Goals	0.37	0.20	-0.02-0.77	0.03	1,174	4.54^*	0.40	0.25	-0.07-0.91	0.02	1,175	3.75
2	Vignette: Instrumental Goals	0.27	0.19	-0.10-0.65	0.02	1,173	4.38^*	0.23	0.25	-0.26-0.75	0.05	1,174	10.27^**
	VR: Instrumental Goals	0.37	0.20	-0.01-0.75				0.58^**	0.18	0.21-0.94
1	VR: Instrumental Goals	0.44^*	0.20	0.04-0.82	0.04	1,174	6.66^*	0.63^**	0.19	0.27–1.01	0.07	1,175	13.02^***
2	VR: Instrumental Goals	0.37	0.20	-0.01-0.75	0.01	1,173	2.30	0.58^**	0.19	0.22-0.95	0.01	1,174	1.18
	Vignette: Instrumental Goals	0.27	0.19	-0.10-0.64				0.23	0.25	-0.21-0.72
1	Vignette: Aggressive Responses	0.44^*	0.20	0.07-0.83	0.04	1,174	6.86^*	0.74^***	0.20	0.36–1.15	0.10	1,175	19.98^***
2	Vignette: Aggressive Responses	0.34	0.19	-0.02-0.72	0.02	1,173	4.12^*	0.61^**	0.19	0.24–1.00	0.05	1,174	9.19^**
	VR: Aggressive Responses	0.35	0.19	-0.00-0.73				0.50^**	0.17	0.15-0.84
1	VR: Aggressive Responses	0.45^*	0.20	0.08-0.84	0.04	1,174	7.09^**	0.66^***	0.18	0.31–1.00	0.08	1,175	16.07^***
2	VR: Aggressive Responses	0.35	0.19	-0.00-0.72	0.02	1,173	3.90	0.50^**	0.17	0.17-0.83	0.06	1,174	12.39^***
	Vignette: Aggressive Responses	0.34	0.19	-0.01-0.71				0.61^**	0.19	0.24-0.97

Hierarchical Regression Analyses were run for the Two Instrumental Gain Scenarios separately, both with Vignettes and VR Entered First. Model output is based on a non-bootstrapped procedure whereas output on separate predictors is based on a bootstrapping procedure

^* p < .05; ^** p < .01; ^*** p < .001