Fig. 1. PVIII sequence and characteristics. (a) The sequence of the PVIII protein and (b) the schematic representation of M13. (c) AFM image of individual M13 phages on a silicon substrate. (d) An individual PVIII structure with the ionizable species highlighted in blue and red corresponding to the negatively and positively charged residues respectively (PDB 2MJZ).30 The non-ionizable species are coloured in grey. (e) In green is shown the hydrophilic surface corresponding to the amino acids R, K, H, E, D, N, Q, T, S and C, while the hydrophobic surface (orange) corresponds to the residues A, G, V, I, L, F and M.
