Binding energies corresponding to various Gr–HfS₂ heterostructure configurations. E_b is the binding energy per carbon.

	E b	Lattice mismatch
Gr as the reference	−0.040 eV	1.37%
HfS2 as a reference	0.038 eV	1.35%
Gr and HfS2 as reference	−0.017 eV	0.70%