Table 3.

Causes other than forceps-assisted delivery in 22 subjects (11 males and 11 females) with Frey syndrome without history of surgery

Cause	No	Age at symptoms onset (years)	References
Blunt face trauma
With mandibular condyle facture	8	2.1, 13, 17, 22, 23, 26, 28, adulthood	[11, 13, 21, 25, 52, 55, 61, 75]
Without mandibular condyle fracture	1	0.4	[14]
Congenital neurocutaneous syndrome
Neurofibromatosis type 1	4	0.4, 0.8, 1.2, 5.8	[51, 53, 80]
PHACE syndrome	1	0.1	[81]
Auriculotemporal nerve neuritis
Herpes simplex virus	2	6.0, 20	[29, 74]
Varicella zoster virus	2	1.2, 6.5	[64, 76]
Further causes
Trifid mandibular condyle	1	Childhood	[60]
Facial burns	1	Childhood	[77]
Parotid hemangiopericytoma	1	1.3	[47]
Moebius syndrome	1	0.7	[73]