Measured concentrations of the CBZ analytes in real environmental samples.
| Sample | Added CBZ concentration (μM) | Determined CBZ concentrationa by RuO2/ZnO/TiO2 NPs/GCE (μM) | Average recoveryb (%) | RSDc (%) (n = 3) | ||
|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
| R1 | R2 | R3 | ||||
| Industrial effluent | 0.0100 | 0.0096 | 0.0095 | 0.0095 | 95.33 | 0.61 |
| PC-baby bottle | 0.0100 | 0.0098 | 0.0098 | 0.0099 | 98.33 | 0.59 |
| PC-water bottle | 0.0100 | 0.0103 | 0.0101 | 0.0098 | 100.66 | 2.50 |
| PVC-FPB | 0.0100 | 0.0101 | 0.0099 | 0.0102 | 100.67 | 1.52 |
a
Mean of three repeated determination (signal to noise ratio 3) with by RuO2/ZnO/TiO2 NPs/GCE.
b
Concentration of CBZs determined/concentration taken (unit: μM).
c
Relative standard deviation value indicates precision among three repeated measurements (R1, R2, R3).