Skip to main content
. 2020 Nov 13;10(68):41625–41679. doi: 10.1039/d0ra07931f

Different bifunctional solid catalyst yields reported for biodiesel production.

No Catalyst Feedstocks Conditionsa Yield (%) Ref.
1 Mo–Mn/γ-Al2O3-15% MgO WCO 27 : 1, 3, 100, 240 91.4 78
2 Cu/Zn(10 : 90)/γ-Al2O3-800 °C WCO 18 : 1, 6, 65 ± 5, 180 88.82 431
3 Mg/MCM-41 WCO 8 : 1, 10, 80, 180 94 432
4 γ-Al2O3–CeO2 WCO 30 : 1, 7, 110, 270 81.1 433
5 KAcZX WCO 48 : 1, 6, 120, 180 80.8 434
6 Sr/ZrO2 WCO 29 : 1, 2.7, 115.5, 169 79.7 435
7 Bi2O3–La2O3 JCO 15 : 1, 2, 150, 240 94 436
8 CaO–La2O3 JCO 25 : 1, 3, 160, 180 98.76 437
9 Mn@MgO–ZrO2 Kernel oil 15 : 1, 3, 90, 240 96.4 438
10 HPA@ZIF-8 Rapeseed oil 10 : 1, 4, 240, 300 98.02b 439
11 AWS/SO42− PFAD 15 : 1, 5, 80, 180 98 441
12 [Zn(4,4′-bipy)(OAc)2]n Soybean oil 3.2/5 (v/v), 2, 180, 120 98 442
13 K/TiO2 Canola oil 36 : 1, 6, 70, 180 100b 443
a

Methanol-to-oil molar ratio, catalyst loading (wt%), temperature (°C), reaction time (min).

b

Conversion.