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. 2022 Apr 18;13:842232. doi: 10.3389/fmicb.2022.842232

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Copyright © 2022 Garanina, Hamza, Stott-Marshall, Martynova, Markelova, Davidyuk, Shakirova, Kaushal, Baranwal, Khaertynova, Rizvanov, Foster and Khaiboullina.

This is an open-access article distributed under the terms of the Creative Commons Attribution License (CC BY). The use, distribution or reproduction in other forums is permitted, provided the original author(s) and the copyright owner(s) are credited and that the original publication in this journal is cited, in accordance with accepted academic practice. No use, distribution or reproduction is permitted which does not comply with these terms.

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COVID-19 serum reactivity with SARS-CoV-2 peptides. Antibody reactivity was analyzed using ELISA. Peptides were adsorbed on a 384-well plate and probed with serum samples. Data is displayed for: (A) – peptides with increased reactivity in convalescent COVID-19 samples compared to controls collected in 2020; (B) – peptides with increased reactivity in convalescent COVID-19 samples compared to controls collected in 2015; (C) – peptides with increased reactivity in acute COVID-19 samples compared to controls collected in 2015 and 2020. Asterisks indicate statistically significant differences between reactivity to SARS-CoV-2 peptides (p < 0.05, Kruskal-Wallis test).