Table 3.
Prevalence and the scores of externalizing behavior problems and specific symptoms in hui ethnicity children (N=955)
| Syndromes | Boys |
Girls |
p-value |
||||||||||
|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
| Aged 6–11 |
Aged 12–16 |
Aged 6–11 |
Aged 12–16 |
Aged 6–11 |
Aged 12–16 |
||||||||
| LBC (N=56) | non-LBC (N=88) | LBC (N=138) | non-LBC (N=175) | LBC (N=58) | non-LBC (N=93) | LBC (N=131) | non-LBC (N=216) | χ2a (p-value) |
χ2b (p-value) |
χ2c (p-value) |
χ2d (p-value) |
||
| t2 (p-value) | t2 (p-value) | t3 (p-value) | t4 (p-value) | ||||||||||
| Schizoid | |||||||||||||
| PN (%) | 5 (8.92) | 7 (7.95) | 13 (9.42) | 7 (4.00) | - | - | 24 (18.32) | 34 (15.74) | 0.04 (0.84) | - | 3.79 (0.05) | 0.39 (0.53) | |
| Mean±SD | 2.13±2.45 | 2.67±2.53 | 3.66±3.18 | 2.74±2.58 | - | - | 2.69±2.83 | 2.39±2.56 | -1.28 (0.20) | - | 2.75 (0.01) | 1.02 (0.31) | |
| Depressed | |||||||||||||
| PN (%) | 8 (14.29) | 7 (7.95) | - | - | 2 (3.44) | 6 (6.45) | - | - | 1.47 (0.23) | 0.18 (0.67) | - | - | |
| Mean±SD | 3.11±4.79 | 3.35±4.43 | - | - | 4.72±4.44 | 4.91±5.38 | - | - | -0.31 (0.75) | -0.23 (0.82) | - | - | |
| Uncommunicative | |||||||||||||
| PN (%) | 4 (7.14) | 10 (11.36) | 14 (10.14) | 6 (3.43) | - | - | - | - | 0.70 (0.41) | - | 5.82 (0.02) | - | |
| Mean±SD | 2.11±2.52 | 2.39±3.00 | 6.44±6.04 | 4.22±4.67 | - | - | - | - | -0.58 (0.56) | - | 3.57 (0.00) | - | |
| Obsessive-compulsive | |||||||||||||
| PN (%) | 4 (7.14) | 9 (10.23) | 20 (14.49) | 12 (6.86) | - | - | - | - | 0.40 (0.53) | - | 4.90 (0.03) | - | |
| Mean±SD | 2.80±3.71 | 3.58±4.11 | 3.16±3.17 | 2.28±2.45 | - | - | - | - | -1.15 (0.25) | - | 2.69 (0.01) | - | |
| Somatic complaints | |||||||||||||
| PN (%) | 1 (1.79) | 7 (7.95) | 19 (13.77) | 10 (5.71) | 5 (8.62) | 11 (11.83) | 7 (5.34) | 6 (2.78) | 1.45 (0.23) | 0.39 (0.53) | 5.95 (0.02) | 0.86 (0.35) | |
| Mean±SD | 1.34±2.12 | 1.93±2.92 | 5.16±5.30 | 3.65±4.19 | 3.24±3.75 | 3.55±4.16 | 2.70±3.04 | 2.43±2.78 | -1.32 (0.19) | -0.46 (0.65) | 2.73 (0.01) | 0.87 (0.39) | |
| Social-withdrawal | |||||||||||||
| PN (%) | 2 (3.57) | 5 (5.68) | - | - | 2 (3.44) | 7 (7.52) | - | - | 0.03 (0.86) | 0.46 (0.50) | - | - | |
| Mean±SD | 1.34±2.08 | 2.01±2.40 | - | - | 3.03±3.05 | 3.08±3.71 | - | - | -1.72 (0.09) | -0.07 (0.94) | - | - | |
| Hyperactive | |||||||||||||
| PN (%) | 0 | 0 | 9 (6.52) | 5 (2.86) | 2 (3.45) | 5 (5.38) | - | - | - | 0.02 (0.88) | 2.43 (0.12) | - | |
| Mean±SD | 2.20±2.25 | 3.39±3.01 | 3.96±3.49 | 2.98±3.04 | 3.05±3.19 | 3.53±3.74 | - | - | -2.71 (0.01) | -0.80 (0.42) | 2.64 (0.01) | - | |
| Aggressive | |||||||||||||
| PN (%) | 2 (3.57) | 1 (1.14) | 13 (9.42) | 7 (4.00) | 1 (1.72) | 3 (3.23) | 8 (6.11) | 5 (2.31) | 0.16 (0.69) | 0.00 (.097) | 3.79 (0.05) | 2.29 (0.13) | |
| Mean±SD | 4.98±6.19 | 5.45±5.86 | 7.04±6.47 | 5.62±5.61 | 4.62±4.37 | 4.80±5.80 | 6.71±6.13 | 5.37±5.09 | -0.03 (1.00) | -0.20 (0.84) | 2.09 (0.04) | 2.11 (0.04) | |
| Delinquent | |||||||||||||
| PN (%) | 3 (5.36) | 4 (4.55) | 13 (9.42) | 3 (1.71) | 3 (5.17) | 5 (5.38) | 8 (6.11) | 7 (3.24) | 0.00 (1.00) | 0.00 (1.00) | 9.45 (0.00) | 1.62 (0.20) | |
| Mean±SD | 1.52±2.69 | 2.16±2.55 | 3.08±3.78 | 2.29±2.71 | 0.74±1.60 | 0.61±1.24 | 4.63±4.32 | 3.76±3.56 | -1.44 (0.38) | 0.55 (0.58) | 2.08 (0.04) | 1.92 (0.06) | |
| Sexual problems | |||||||||||||
| PN (%) | - | - | - | - | 2 (3.45) | 6 (6.45) | - | - | - | 0.18 (0.67) | - | - | |
| Mean±SD | - | - | - | - | 0.93±1.55 | 1.23±1.76 | - | - | - | -1.05 (0.30) | - | - | |
| Cruel | |||||||||||||
| PN (%) | - | - | - | - | 6 (10.34) | 6 (6.45) | 12 (9.16) | 11 (5.09) | - | 0.30 (0.58) | - | ||
| Mean±SD | - | - | 0.98±1.90 | 1.06±1.78 | 2.19±3.49 | 1.36±1.96 | - | -0.27 (0.79) | 2.50 (0.01) | ||||
| Schizoid-obsessive | |||||||||||||
| PN (%) | - | - | - | - | 7 (12.07) | 9 (9.68) | - | - | - | 0.22 (0.64) | - | - | |
| Mean±SD | - | - | 1.74±2.69 | 1.68±2.90 | - | 0.14 (0.89) | - | ||||||
| Immature | |||||||||||||
| PN (%) | - | - | 6 (4.35) | 4 (2.29) | - | - | 10 (7.63) | 7 (3.24) | - | - | 1.06 (0.30) | 3.38 (0.07) | |
| Mean±SD | - | - | 1.72±2.10 | 1.36±1.84 | - | - | - | - | 1.64 (0.10) | - | |||
| Hostile | |||||||||||||
| PN (%) | - | - | 16 (11.59) | 5 (2.86) | - | - | - | - | - | - | 9.41 (0.00) | - | |
| Mean±SD | - | - | 4.62±4.81 | 3.33±3.33 | - | - | - | - | - | - | 2.68 (0.01) | - | |
| Depressed-withdrawal | |||||||||||||
| PN (%) | - | - | - | - | - | - | 10 (7.63) | 18 (8.33) | - | - | - | 0.05 (0.82) | |
| Mean±SD | - | - | - | - | - | - | 5.73±4.95 | 5.19±4.73 | - | - | - | 1.00 (0.32) | |
| Anxious-obsessive | |||||||||||||
| PN (%) | - | - | - | - | - | - | 7 (5.34) | 9 (4.17) | - | - | - | 0.26 (0.61) | |
| Mean±SD | - | - | - | - | - | - | 7.27±6.13 | 6.40±6.02 | - | - | - | 1.31 (0.19) | |
| Externalizing behavior | |||||||||||||
| PN (%) | 4 (7.14) | 5 (5.68) | 20 (14.49) | 13 (7.43) | 8 (13.79) | 14 (15.05) | 16 (12.21) | 17 (7.87) | 0.00 (1.00) | 0.05 (0.83) | 4.08 (0.04) | 1.79 (0.18) | |
| Mean±SD | 8.07±9.19 | 9.48±8.75 | 12.04±10.96 | 9.41±8.94 | 9.33±9.20 | 10.23±11.09 | 12.31±10.98 | 9.78±8.45 | -0.92 (0.36) | -0.52 (0.61) | 2.28 (0.02) | 2.26 (0.03) | |
LBC, left-behind children; χ2a, comparison of LBC and non-LBC in boys aged 6–11; χ2b, comparison of LBC and non- LBC in girls aged 6–11; χ2c, comparison of LBC and non-LBC in boys aged 12–16; χ2d, comparison of LBC and non- LBC in girls aged 12-16; t1, comparison of LBC and non-LBC in boys aged 6–11; t2, comparison of LBC and non-LBC in girls aged 6–11; t3, comparison of LBC and non-LBC in boys aged 12–16; t4, comparison of LBC and non-LBC in girls aged 12–16; PN, positive number; SD, standard deviation