In vivo ocular absorption study parameters for insulin loaded nanoparticles, plain insulin solution, and subcutaneous insulin injection^a.

Formulation	C max(μg ml−1)	T max (h)	AUC0–12 (μg h ml−1)
C4T4I4	33.8 ± 3.1	4.0	127.16 ± 2.4
Plain insulin solution	1.8 ± 0.28	0.33	1.87 ± 1.7
Subcutaneous insulin injection	99.9 ± 0.32	0.5	197.38 ± 2.76

^aAll values are presented as mean ± SD; n = 3.