Table 4.
Social contact, loneliness and general well-being outcomes (ORs; Ref Cat: OHC0)
| No control |
Feel lonely sometimes/often |
Low level social contact |
No one to listen to Problems |
Low life satisfaction |
|
| M1: unadjusted | |||||
| CM OHC (OHC1) | 3.77*** | 2.72* | 2.29 | 2.26* | 1.87 |
| (1.75 to 8.12) | (1.16 to 6.39) | (0.99 to 5.32) | (1.06 to 4.79) | (0.84 to 4.16) | |
| CM Mother OHC (OHC2) | 1.41 | 1.78 | 2.47 | 1.15 | 1.01 |
| (0.55 to 3.60) | (0.94 to 3.38) | (0.92 to 6.65) | (0.61 to 2.18) | (0.50 to 2.03) | |
| R2 | 0.01 | 0.01 | 0.01 | 0.01 | 0.00 |
| M2: M1 +sex | |||||
| CM OHC (OHC1) | 3.71*** | 2.67* | 2.49 | 2.30* | 1.87 |
| (1.75 to 7.90) | (1.20 to 5.95) | (1.00 to 6.24) | (1.06 to 4.98) | (0.84 to 4.15) | |
| CM Mother OHC (OHC2) | 1.44 | 1.83 | 2.41 | 1.14 | 1.01 |
| (0.56 to 3.68) | (0.94 to 3.56) | (0.91 to 6.39) | (0.59 to 2.19) | (0.50 to 2.04) | |
| R2 | 0.01 | 0.01 | 0.04 | 0.01 | 0.00 |
| M3: M2 +childhood characteristics | |||||
| CM OHC (OHC1) | 2.81* | 2.47* | 2.65* | 2.10 | 1.71 |
| (1.26 to 6.25) | (1.18 to 5.17) | (1.08 to 6.51) | (0.98 to 4.53) | (0.75 to 3.93) | |
| CM Mother OHC (OHC2) | 1.30 | 1.74 | 2.34 | 1.07 | 0.98 |
| (0.49 to 3.42) | (0.89 to 3.37) | (0.89 to 6.14) | (0.55 to 2.07) | (0.48 to 2.01) | |
| R2 | 0.02 | 0.02 | 0.04 | 0.02 | 0.01 |
| M4: M2 +current situation | |||||
| CM OHC (OHC1) | 2.85** | 2.12 | 2.63* | 1.66 | 1.31 |
| (1.37 to 5.92) | (0.94 to 4.76) | (1.16 to 5.95) | (0.75 to 3.64) | (0.58 to 2.99) | |
| CM Mother OHC (OHC2) | 1.41 | 1.73 | 2.22 | 1.13 | 1.11 |
| (0.56 to 3.56) | (0.98 to 3.05) | (0.97 to 5.07) | (0.57 to 2.26) | (0.54 to 2.29) | |
| R2 | 0.06 | 0.05 | 0.03 | 0.05 | 0.09 |
| M5: fully adjusted | |||||
| CM OHC (OHC1) | 2.29* | 1.91 | 3.46** | 1.63 | 1.32 |
| (1.05 to 5.02) | (0.91 to 4.05) | (1.55 to 7.71) | (0.72 to 3.67) | (0.58 to 3.01) | |
| CM Mother OHC (OHC2) | 1.38 | 1.69 | 2.15 | 1.07 | 1.12 |
| (0.54 to 3.54) | (0.94 to 3.04) | (0.96 to 4.84) | (0.53 to 2.18) | (0.54 to 2.33) | |
| R2 | 0.06 | 0.06 | 0.08 | 0.07 | 0.09 |
| N | 2472 | 3807 | 3805 | 3812 | 3811 |
There were five stages to the modelling strategy: model 1: OHC experience; model 2: model 1+sex; model 3: model 2+birth characteristics (ethnicity, birth weight, mother’s education and family status); model 4: model 2+current circumstances (occupation class, highest qualification, employment status, living arrangements); model 5: model 3+4 (sex +birth characteristics+current circumstances). Exponentiated coefficients; 95% CIs in brackets.
*P<0.05, **p<0.01, ***p<0.001.
CM, cohort member; OHC, out-of-home care; PP, prepandemic.