Figure 1.

Case studies of community citizen science projects that involve co-designing AI tools with local communities

(A) The air pollution monitoring project²³ that empowered the Pittsburgh community to collect air pollution evidence in the local region for taking action.

(B) The Smell Pittsburgh Project²⁴ invited citizens to report pollution odors and use the data as evidence to conduct air pollution studies.

(C) The RISE project²⁵ enabled citizens and scientists to annotate industrial smoke emissions and build an AI model to recognize pollution events.

These cases were approved by the ethics committee of the university that hosted the projects.