Table 1.
Patient characteristics and pre-/in-hospital information among OHCA patients by outcomes
| Survival with CPC 1or 2 (n = 301) |
Survival with CPC 3–5 (n = 386) |
Non-survivor (n = 6337) |
ROSC = 0 (n = 16,779) |
P value | |
|---|---|---|---|---|---|
| Basic information | |||||
| Men | 226 (75.1) | 243 (63.0) | 3744 (59.1) | 9710 (57.9) | < 0.001 |
| Age, median (IQR) (Years) | 62 (50–72) | 71 (64–80) | 78 (67–85) | 78 (66–85) | < 0.001 |
| Cardiac cause of arrest | 272 (90.4) | 187 (48.4) | 2911 (45.9) | 9899 (59.0) | < 0.001 |
| Prehospital information | |||||
| Bystander witness | 261 (86.7) | 292 (75.6) | 3875 (61.1) | 5221 (31.1) | < 0.001 |
| Bystander CPR | 209 (69.4) | 173 (44.8) | 2827 (44.6) | 7866 (46.9) | < 0.001 |
| First documented rhythm at the scene | < 0.001 | ||||
| Ventricular fibrillation/pulseless ventricular tachycardia | 85 (28.2) | 83 (21.5) | 362 (5.7) | 678 (4.0) | |
| Pulseless electric activity/asystole | 40 (13.3) | 273 (70.7) | 5611 (88.5) | 15,707 (93.6) | |
| Presence of pulse | 176 (58.5) | 30 (7.8) | 364 (5.7) | 394 (2.3) | |
| Prehospital Epinephrine | 26 (8.6) | 110 (28.5) | 1951 (30.8) | 4271 (25.5) | < 0.001 |
| Prehospital Airway management | 45 (15.0) | 199 (51.5) | 3517 (55.5) | 8980 (53.5) | < 0.001 |
| EMS resuscitation times, median (IQR), (min) | |||||
| EMS response time (call to contact with a patient) | 8 (6–10) | 8 (6–9) | 8 (7–10) | 8 (7–10) | < 0.001 |
| Hospital arrival time (call to hospital arrival) | 30 (23–37) | 28 (24–36) | 32 (27–40) | 33 (27–41) | < 0.001 |
| In-hospital information | |||||
| First documented rhythm after hospital arrival | < 0.001 | ||||
| Ventricular fibrillation/pulseless ventricular tachycardia | 70 (23.3) | 30 (7.8) | 171 (2.7) | 400 (2.4) | |
| Pulseless electric activity/asystole | 69 (22.9) | 336 (87.0) | 5771 (91.1) | 16,379 (97.6) | |
| Presence of pulse | 162 (53.8) | 20 (5.2) | 395 (6.2) | 0 (0.0) | |
| Targeted temperature management | 129 (42.9) | 182 (47.2) | 318 (5.0) | 0 (0.0) | < 0.001 |
| Coronary angiography | 204 (67.8) | 103 (26.7) | 229 (3.6) | 0 (0.0) | < 0.001 |
| Percutaneous coronary intervention | 99 (32.9) | 51 (13.2) | 100 (1.6) | 0 (0.0) | < 0.001 |
| CPR duration, median (IQR), min | 0.0 (0.0–20.5) | 31.3 (25.0–41.0) | 35.0 (27.0–45.0) | 40 (33–50) | < 0.001 |
| 90th percentile, min | 32.8 | 41.0 | 57.2 | 74.0 | |
| 99th Percentile, min | 58.9 | 81.1 | 103.0 | 108.0 | |
| Maximum, min | 67.0 | 94.0 | 120.0 | 120.0 |
OHCA indicates out-of-hospital cardiac arrests; AED, automated external defibrillator; CPR, cardiopulmonary resuscitation; EMS, emergency medicine personnel; and IQR, interquartile range