Fig. 5. (A) Detachment rate R as function of cell density ρ for the four shear velocity zones. The shown values are mean ± standard deviation of five independent preparations. (B) Illustration of the top view of an idealized cell array under flow: the cell in the middle (hollow symbol) experiences lower shear forces due to the presence of neighboring cells. (C) Influence factor Ψ (see eqn (15)) for the cell in the middle of the cell array in B as function of cell density [adapted from ref. 19].