Table 3.
Mean and prevalence data describing clinical characteristics potentially related to RLS and long-COVID in female participants.
| Controls | Pre-COVID-19 Participants with Long-COVID | Post-COVID-19 Participants with Long-COVID | |
|---|---|---|---|
| RLS prevalence, n (%) | 6 (6.7%) | 7 (5.7%) | 18 (14.8%)c |
| RLS Severity Score, mean (SD)a | 14.0 (4.5) | d | 18.1 (7.8) |
| RLS Sleep Impact Score, mean (SD)a | 5.0 (1.4) | d | 9.6 (3.8) |
| Fatigue severity, mean (SD) | 19.5 (8.6) | 16.8 (6.6) | 34.7 (10.7)c |
| Quality of life, mean (SD) | 73.3 (21.6) | 75.0 (16.8) | 40.4 (21.6)c |
| Ownership of sleep apnea device, n (%) | 2 (2.2%) | 6 (4.9%) | 8 (6.5%) |
| High-risk STOP-BANG score, n (%) | 6 (6.7%) | 24 (19.7%)a | 42 (34.4%)c |
| High sleep apnea risk, n (%)b | 8 (9.0%) | 26 (21.3%)a | 44 (36.1%)c |
| Neuropathic pain severity, mean (SD) | 4.5 (3.0) | 2.7 (2.3)a | 5.6 (2.7)c |
aAmong those with RLS. b“Likely sleep apnea” denotes those who own a sleep apnea device and/or have a STOP-BANG score ≥ 3. cSignificantly different from pre-COVID participants with long-COVID. dPre-COVID-19 long-COVID data for RLS severity were not possible since these are determined by symptoms during the prior week of the assessment and thus are not accurate as retrospective data. COVID-19 = coronavirus disease 2019, RLS = restless legs syndrome, SD = standard deviation.