Table 2.

Change from baseline on CPAP versus standard care in H4nOSA.

	CPAP (n = 50)	Standard Care (n = 45)	Treatment Difference	P
ESS	−3.6 (−4.5 to −2.6)	0.3 (−0.7 to −1.3)	−3.9 (−5.3 to −2.5)	< .0001
Vitality scale	8.4 (6.0 to 10.8)	−0.8 (−3.3 to −1.8)	9.2 (5.6 to 12.7)	< .0001

Data from Wimms et al (supplementary data Table S6).¹⁵ CPAP = continuous positive airway pressure, ESS = Epworth Sleepiness Scale, H4nOSA, individuals meeting apnea-hypopnea index criteria for diagnosis of obstructive sleep apnea using recommended hypopnea definition based on a ≥ 30% reduction in airflow for ≥ 10 seconds associated with a ≥ 3% decrease in the oxygen saturation or an arousal but not a ≥ 4% decrease in oxygen saturation. An increase in the vitality scale (a component of the SF-36) represents improvement.