Fig. 7. Hydraphiles inhibit the activity of efflux pumps. (A) Release of ethidium bromide from S. aureus 1199B after treatment with reserpine, CCCP, benzyl C₈–C₁₄ hydraphiles [4 μM]. The abscissa reports time in minutes and the ordinate reports fractional fluorescence. (B) Accumulation of ethidium bromide in the presence of reserpine, CCCP, benzyl C₈–C₁₄ hydraphiles (4 μM) in S. aureus 1199B. The abscissa records time in minutes and the ordinate records normalized fluorescence. The error bars represent the standard deviation in three independent trials.