Comparison of the activities of different catalysts for hydrogen generation from FA.
| Catalysts | Additive | T (°C) | TOF (h−1) | Ref. |
|---|---|---|---|---|
| Pd/ZrO2@C | SF | 60 | 8588a | This work |
| Pd/ZrO2@C | SF | 50 | 4978a | This work |
| Pd/AC | SF | 50 | 3064a | This work |
| Pd-MnOx/SiO2–NH2 | None | 50 | 1300b | 10 |
| Pd/N-MSC-30 | SF | 60 | 8414a | 11 |
| (Co6)Ag0.1Pd0.9/rGO | SF | 50 | 2739a | 12 |
| Ni0.4Pd0.6/NH2–N-rGO | None | 25 | 954.3b | 13 |
| Ag3Pd12/MOF-5-C-900 | SF | 50 | 1774b | 14 |
| Pd/MSC-30 | SF | 50 | 2623a | 15 |
| Au1Pd2/GO | SF | 25 | 954.2b | 16 |
| Au0.75Pd0.25/C-L-7.5 | SF | 50 | 2972a | 17 |
| Au/ZrO2 | NEt3 | 50 | 1593f | 18 |
| Pd/S-1-in-K | SF | 50 | 3027a | 19 |
| PdAu-MnOx/N–SiO2 | None | 25 | 785c | 22 |
| AuPd@ED-MIL-101 | SF | 90 | 106d | 24 |
| Ag18Pd82@ZIF-8 | SF | 80 | 580e | 26 |
| Au0.28Pd0.47Co0.25/MIL-101–NH2 | SF | 25 | 347a | 28 |
| PdAg@ZrO2/C | PF (potassium formate) | 50 | 9206a | 33 |
| Pd@CN900K | SF | 60 | 14 400 a | 34 |
a
TOF is the total turnover frequency when the conversion reaches 100%.
b
TOF is the initial turnover frequency when the conversion reaches 20%.
c
TOF = mol H2/mol catalyst × time (h).
d
The TOF value is measured during the first 10 min.
e
TOF is calculated during the first 5 min of the reaction.
f
TOF value is measured during the first 20 min.