Fig. 7. Trapping modes of the functionalized PS beads. (A) Percentage distribution and detachment time profile of the detached beads in 0.2 M NaOH. Upon turning the nDEP on, about 80% of the beads detached.156 (B) Characteristic Raman spectra of glycine immobilized on AuNP-decorated PS beads with linked bridges via peptide coupling and the blank (ultrapure water with AuNP-decorated 20 nm PS beads and no analyte).158 (C) The measured unbinding (rupture) forces of 15 μm PS beads: (c1) hydrogen bond and (c2) van der Waals interaction.159.
