The separation of PS beads and bioparticles.

Mode	DEP type	Scale (μm)	Suspending medium (mS m−1)	Electric field	Time (min)	Efficiency	Ref.
I	AC-DEP	PS (0.85) and yeast	PBS (30)	—	5	—	176
	DC-iDEP	PS(0.5/1/2) and yeast	DI water and KOH (2)	440–3000 V	4	99%	177
	AC-DEP	PS (7/20) and yeast	Aqueous (0.5–10)	10 V, 100–200 kHz	5	94–96%	174
	F-DEP	PS (10) and WBC (K562 cell)	PBS (80)	7.5 V, 800 MHz	4	93–100%	41
II	DC-DEP	PS (3) and yeast	PBS (20)	0–200 V	15	90%	172
	AC-DEP	PS (2.9) and yeast; PS (2.9) and E. coli	NaCl (38; 60)	31.2 V, 300 kHz	6.2	97%	178
	DC-DEP	PS (5) and algae	Sodium borate buffer (10)	0–192 V	—	—	93
	AC-DEP	Gold-coated PS (25) and yeast	KCl (1.4)	12.5–25 V, 1 MHz	5	90–100%	179