Figure 9.

General mechanisms of action of the combination of quercetin and vitamin E on the reproductive performance of aged male chickens. The action of the combination of Quercetin and Vitamin E decreases the risk of oxidative stress to promotes fertility in aged male chickens. Combination of Quercetin and Vitamin E most likely acts via the oxidative mechanism of action to prevent oxidative stress, promote reproductive hormone production, immunity, and liver functions. These together, improve spermatogenesis, and hence, fertility and reproductive performance and health in aging male chickens.