Table 2.
Observed variability in crested gibbon social, mating, and breeding systems1,2,3
| Species | Group structure | Extra-group mating | Mating initiator | Sexual maturity | Floaters | Emigration |
|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
|
N. annamensis (Endangered) |
1 M + 1 F; 1 M + 2 F | None | M; F | 5–8 | None | None |
|
N. concolor (Critically Endangered) |
1 M + 1 F; 1 M + 2 F; 2 M + 2 F | + | F | 8–12 | + | M; F |
|
N. gabriellae (Endangered) |
1 M + 1 F | + | UNK | 6–7 | + | M; F |
|
N. hainanus (Critically Endangered) |
1 M + 1 F; 1 M + 2 F; 2 M + 2 F | None | F | 5–8 | + | M; F |
|
N. leucogenys3 (Critically Endangered) |
1 M + 1 F | None | UNK | 7–8 | None | None |
|
N. nasutus (Critically Endangered) |
1 M + 2 F | + | UNK | 6–7 | None | None |
|
N. siki (Critically Endangered) |
1 M + 1 F | none | UNK | 4–8 | None | None |
1- Data on conservation status of Nomascus species are from the IUCN Red List consulted November 11, 2021
2- Data on Nomascus social, mating, and breeding systems are from Rowe and Myers (2006) All the World’s Primates and Huang et al. 2013
3- Data on Nomascus leucogenys (Primates: Hylobatidae) Author: Lee E. Harding. Mammalian Species, Vol. 44, No. 1 (Jan., 2012), pp. 1–15
Note: “M” represents male, “F” represents female, “+” represents existence, “UNK” indicates information is unknown