TABLE 1.
Summary of main characteristics and therapeutic efficacy of MSC subpopulations.
| MSC Subpopulations | Tissue Sources | Primary Function | Main characteristics | Therapeutic Efficacy |
|---|---|---|---|---|
| Gli1 + MSC | Mouse incisor | Tooth support | Strong mobilization in response to tissue injury | Periodontal bone regeneration ↑ |
| Dentin formation | Generating bone matrix in vivo | Fracture repair ↑ | ||
| Axin2 + MSC | Periodontal ligament | Tooth support | Give rise to cementoblasts and cementocytes in vivo | Cementum regeneration ↑ |
| Cementum formation | Express transcription factors for controlling cementum formation | |||
| CD24a + MSC | Apical papilla | Tooth support | Higher proliferation capacity than BM-MSCs | Dental pulp regeneration ↑ |
| Wound healing | Enhanced osteogenic/odontogenic differentiation capabilities | |||
| CD146 + MSC | Periodontium and pulpal tissue of deciduous teeth | Dentin formation | Express neurogenic markers | Periodontal bone regeneration ↑ |
| Form dentin-like structures in vivo | Dental pulp regeneration ↑ | |||
| Higher proliferation capacity than DPSCs and BM-MSCs | ||||
| Stro-1 + MSC | Dental pulp of permanent teeth | Dentin formation | Generate the cementum-PDL structure in vivo | Periodontal tissue regeneration ↑ |
| Higher proliferation capacity than DPSCs and BM-MSCs | Alveolar bone regeneration ↑ | |||
| CD105 + MSC | Dental pulp of permanent teeth | Dentin formation | Express neurogenic markers | Dental tissue inflammation ↓ |
| Higher proliferation capacity and odontogenic capacity than BM-MSCs | Dentin regeneration ↑ | |||
| Dental pulp regeneration ↑ | ||||
| Alveolar bone regeneration ↑ | ||||
| Osteogenic potential ↑ |