Table 3.

Comparison between two groups divided by serum C-peptide level at diagnosis and 15 years after diagnosis.

	Baseline			Year 15
	C-peptide < 0.5 ng/mL(n=77)	C-peptide ≥ 0.5 ng/mL(n=157)	p value	C-peptide < 0.015 ng/mL(n=135)	C-peptide ≥ 0.015 ng/mL(n=48)	p value
Laboratory findings
HbA1c, %	9.67 ± 1.76	9.37 ± 1.90	0.245	9.69 ± 1.84	9.69 ± 2.15	0.990
Total cholesterol, mg/dL	174.8 ± 29.2	175.5 ± 30.5	0.870	175.4 ± 28.8	182.5 ± 32.7	0.160
Triglyceride, mg/dL	116.0 ± 82.0	100.9 ± 58.4	0.149	104.0 ± 62.3	129.7 ± 102.5	0.108
HDL-Cholesterol, mg/dL	56.4 ± 13.9	55.2 ± 12.8	0.530	56.4 ± 13.1	52.0 ± 15.7	0.064
LDL-Cholesterol, mg/dL	97.0 ± 25.3	101.4 ± 24.7	0.209	99.8 ± 22.3	107.5 ± 30.8	0.116
Daily insulin dose, units/kg/day	0.90 ± 0.26	0.76 ± 0.28	< 0.001	0.88 ± 0.21	0.74 ± 0.37	0.034
Diabetes complications
Diabetic retinopathy	17 (22.1%)	43 (27.4%)	0.382	35 (25.9%)	14 (31.8%)	0.447
Peripheral neuropathy	17 (22.1%)	37 (23.6%)	0.799	34 (25.2%)	10 (22.7%)	0.742
Diabetic nephropathy	16 (20.8%)	36 (22.9%)	0.710	28 (20.7%)	10 (22.7%)	0.780
Diabetic ketoacidosis	16 (20.8%)	23 (14.6%)	0.237	32 (23.7%)	3 (6.8%)	0.014

Data are presented as mean ± SD or number of patients (%).

HbA1c, glycated hemoglobin A; HDL, high-density lipoprotein; LDL, low-density lipoprotein; SD, standard deviation.