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. 2019 Mar 19;9(16):9053–9066. doi: 10.1039/c9ra00490d

Detailed information on the temperature difference among batteries.

Ambient temperature (°C) Cycle rate (C) Peak of temperature difference during charge (°C) Peak of temperature difference during discharge (°C) The final temperature difference (°C)
0 1 0.85 0.99 1.45
2 1.18 3.42 1.72
3 0.81 7.97 2.00
20 1 1.60 0.88 1.44
2 1.06 1.45 1.38
3 1.14 3.01 1.84