Table 3.

Combination treatments of chemotherapy and targeted therapy in clinical trials for cervical cancer.

Targeted therapy	Chemotherapy	Cervical cancer Stage/Type	Phase of trial	Preclinical/Clinical Trial Outcome
Bevacizumab	cisplatin + paclitaxel or topotecan + paclitaxel	Recurrent/persistent/metastatic	Randomized Phase III	Bevacizumab significantly improved overall survival compared with chemotherapy alone (16.8 months vs 13.3 months). No significant deterioration of health and quality of life reported [140,163,164].
Cetuximab	cisplatin	Recurrent/persistent	Phase II	Adequately tolerated but cetuximab did not provide increased benefit beyond cisplatin therapy [165,166].
	cisplatin + topotecan	Advanced	Phase II	Induced a high rate of serious adverse and/or fatal events at standard dose and schedule. Cetuximab plus platinum-based combination chemotherapy should therefore be considered with caution [167].
Veliparib	topotecan	Recurrent/persistent	Phase I-II	Resulted in only 7% partial responses, which did not meet the 15% response benchmark for Phase II trial. Produced significant myelosuppression, anemia, neutropenia, and thrombocytopenia [168].
	cisplatin + paclitaxel	Recurrent/persistent	Phase 1	Overall survival was 14.5 months, median progression-free survival was 6.2 months (compared to 2.8 months with cisplatin alone), 60% of patients with measurable disease response, and the treatment was considered safe and feasible [135].