WBC indicates white blood cell.
aAlthough the nonoperative management success rate can be assessed only in the nonoperative management group, the data from all 698 patients in the surgery group were used to perform the inverse probability of treatment weighting analysis for the nonoperative management success rate.
bSample sizes for secondary patient-reported outcomes vary based on availability of completed surveys for each measure. The sample size for each secondary patient-reported outcome is specified throughout the article and in Tables 1 to 4.