Table 4.

Relationship between anxiety and pain catastrophizing.

		Rumination			Magnification			Helplessness			PCSa total
		GIb	VRc	GI		VR	GI		VR	GI		VR
Preprocedure state anxiety
	rd	0.16	0.18	0.20		0.10	0.21		0.14	0.22		0.16
	P value	.27	.24	.18		.51	.15		.36	.14		.28
Postprocedure state anxiety
	r	0.11	0.09	0.14		0.05	0.27		0.23	0.21		0.16
	P value	.47	.56	.33		.73	.07		.12	.15		.28

^aPCS: Pain Catastrophizing Scale.

^bGI: guided imagery.

^cVR: virtual reality.

^dr: estimate of Pearson product-moment correlation coefficient.