Table 1.
Sociodemographic characteristics of all respondents completing DCETest (HIV testing method) and DCEKits (HIVST access), 2018 (N = 1,606) compared with Australia born GBMSM and migrant GBMSM.
| DCE-Test survey | DCE-Kits survey | |||||||
|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
|
Total N = 1,168 |
Aust-GBM N = 748 |
Migrant group N = 420 |
P-values |
Total N = 438 |
Aust-GBM N = 275 |
Migrant group N = 163 |
P-values | |
| Sociodemographic characteristics | ||||||||
| Mean age (SD) | 36.1 (11.6) | 36.5 (12.3) | 35.3 (10.3) | <0.001** | 35.9 (11.9) | 37.3 (13.1) | 33.4 (9.1) | <0.001** |
| Median age (IQR) | 34 (27–43) | 34 (27–45) | 33 (27–41) | 33 (27–44) | 34 (26–47) | 31 (27–39) | ||
| Born in RHCA country | 122 (29.0%) | 42 (25.8%) | ||||||
| Born in non-RHCA country | ||||||||
| Southeast Asia | 95 (22.6%) | 32 (19.6%) | ||||||
| Other Asian country | 69 (16.4%) | 32 (19.6%) | ||||||
| Sub-Saharan Africa | 17 (4.0%) | 8 (4.9%) | ||||||
| Other non-RHCA countries | 117 (13.1%) | 49 (12.9%) | ||||||
| Median time since arrival in Australia | ||||||||
| Highest educational attainment | ||||||||
| Up to Year 12 | 224 (19.2%) | 180 (14.1%) | 44 (10.5%) | <0.001** | 86 (19.6%) | 70 (25.5%) | 16 (9.8%) | <0.001** |
| Trade certified, TAFE | 222 (19.0%) | 170 (22.7%) | 52 (12.4%) | <0.001** | 78 (17.8%) | 63 (22.9%) | 15 (9.2%) | <0.001** |
| University degree | 722 (61.8%) | 398 (53.2%) | 324 (77.1%) | <0.001** | 274 (62.6%) | 143 (51.6%) | 132 (81.0%) | <0.001** |
| Employment status | ||||||||
| Fulltime | 699(59.9%) | 454 (60.7%) | 245 (58.3%) | 0.43 | 276 (63.0%) | 171 (62.2%) | 105 (64.4%) | 0.64 |
| Part-Time | 191 (16.4%) | 110 (14.7%) | 81 (19.3%) | 0.05* | 67 (15.3%) | 39 (14.2%) | 28 (17.2%) | 0.40 |
| Unemployed | 91 (7.8%) | 53 (7.1%) | 38 (9.0%) | 0.23 | 27 (6.2%) | 21 (7.6%) | 6 (3.7%) | 0.10 |
| Student | 147 (12.6%) | 95 (12.7%) | 52 (12.4%) | 0.87 | 60 (13.7%) | 27 (9.8%) | 33 (20.2%) | <0.002** |
| Pensioner | 38 (3.3%) | 34 (4.6%) | 4 (1.0%) | <0.001** | 10 (2.3%) | 10 (3.6%) | 0 | <0.016* |
| Sexual identity | ||||||||
| Gay/homosexual | 904 (77.4%) | 576 (77.0%) | 328(78.1%) | 0.72 | 347 (79.2%) | 218 (79.3%) | 129 (79.1%) | 0.97 |
| Bisexual | 212 (18.2%) | 134 (17.9%) | 78 (18.6%) | 0.78 | 67 (15.3%) | 41 (14.9%) | 26 (16.0%) | 0.77 |
| Straight/heterosexual | 18 (1.5%) | 13 (1.7%) | 5 (1.2%) | 0.47 | 2 (0.5%) | 1 (0.4%) | 1 (0.6%) | 0.99 |
| Queer | 22 (1.9%) | 18 (2.4%) | 4 (1.0%) | 0.11 | 17 (3.9%) | 10 (3.6%) | 7 (4.3%) | 0.75 |
| Other | 12 (1.0%) | 7 (0.9%) | 5 (1.2%) | 0.76 | 5 (1.1%) | 5 (1.8%) | 0 | 0.16 |
| Sexual behaviours | ||||||||
| Median number of anal sex partners in the last 6 months (IQR) | 4 (2–9) | 4 (1–9) | 4 (2–8) | 4 (1–8) | 4 (1–8) | 4 (2–8) | ||
| Group sex in the last 6 months | 478 (40.9%) | 320 (42.8%) | 158 (37.7%) | 0.09 | 194 (44.3%) | 120 (43.6%) | 74 (45.4%) | 0.72 |
| Median number of casual anal sex partners in the last 6 months (IQR) | 2 (2–2) | 2 (2–2) | 2 (2–2) | 2 (1–2) | 2 (2–2) | 2 (2–2) | ||
| Always used condoms with casual anal sex partner in the last 6 months (missing value) | 329 (35.7%) | 183(24.5%) | 146 (34.8%) | <0.001** | 124 (36.1%) | 74 (26.9%) | 50 (30.7%) | 0.40 |
| Used PreP for HIV in the last 6 months | 253 (21.7%) | 171 (22.9%) | 82 (19.5%) | 0.18 | 108 (24.7%) | 71 (25.8%) | 37 (22.7%) | 0.46 |
| HIV testing behaviours | ||||||||
| Ever tested for HIV | 1,062 (90.9%) | 670 (89.6%) | 386 (91.9%) | 0.19 | 394 (90.0%) | 243 (88.4%) | 149 (91.4%) | 0.31 |
| Never tested for HIV | 106 (8.1%) | 68 (10.4%) | 34(8.1%) | 0.19 | 44 (10%) | 32 (11.6%) | 14 (8.6%) | 0.31 |
| Used HIV self-test kit before | 89 (8.4%) | 40 (5.4%) | 49 (11.7%) | <0.001** | 27 (6.9%) | 16 (5.8%) | 11 (6.7%) | 0.70 |
| Put off HIV testing in the past year because no HIV self-test available | 253 (23.9%) | 148 (19.8%) | 105 (25%) | 0.04* | 85 (21.7) | 49 (17.8%) | 36 (22.1%) | 0.27 |
| Where participant normally attends for HIV test# | ||||||||
| General practise | 302 (28.4%) | 221 (29.6%) | 81 (19.3%) | <0.001** | 110 (27.9%) | 84 (30.6%) | 26 (16.0%) | <0.001** |
| Community-based peer testing service | 79 (7.3%) | 34 (4.6%) | 45(10.7%) | <0.001** | 22 (5.6%) | 10 (3.6%) | 12 (7.4%) | 0.08 |
| Sexual health clinic | 639 (60.2%) | 405(54.1%) | 234(55.7%) | 0.60 | 243 (61.7%) | 140 (50.9%) | 103 (63.2%) | 0.01** |
| Hospital | 18 (1.7%) | 3 (0.4%) | 15 (3.6%) | <0.001** | 6 (1.5%) | 3 (1.1%) | 3 (1.8%) | 0.67 |
| Other | 18 (1.7%) | 7 (0.9%) | 11 (2.6%) | 0.03* | 11 (2.8%) | 6 (2.2%) | 5 (3.1%) | 0.57 |
| Speed of receiving HIV results# | ||||||||
| Same day | 90 (8.5) | 36 (4.8%) | 54 (12.9%) | <0.001** | 32 (8.1%) | 19 (6.9%) | 13 (8.0%) | 0.68 |
| 2–3 days | 424 (39.9%) | 282 (37.7%) | 142(33.8%) | 0.18 | 147 (37.3%) | 97 (35.3%) | 50 (30.7%) | 0.32 |
| 4–7 days | 467 (44.0%) | 303 (40.5%) | 164 (39.0%) | 0.62 | 182 (46.2%) | 106 (38.6%) | 76 (46.6%) | 0.01** |
| More than a week | 75 (7.1%) | 49 (6.6%) | 26 (6.2%) | 0.39 | 31 (7.9%) | 21 (7.6%) | 10 (6.1%) | 0.55 |
SD, standard deviation; IQR, interquartile range;
*
p < 0.05,
**
p < 0.01;
DCETest, preferences of Australia-born and migrant GBMSM for HIV self-testing relative to other forms of HIV testing; DCEKits, preferences of Australia-born and migrant GBMSM for HIV self-testing distribution service; Aust-GBM, Australia-born GBMSM; RHCA country group, migrant GBMSM from RHCA eligible countries; non-RHCA country group, migrant GBMSM from RHCA-ineligible countries; PrEP, pre-exposure prophylaxis. #Only in men who have ever tested for HIV.