Table 1. Studies related to the incidence of thrombotic events in cirrhotic patients.

NR: not reported; VTE: venous thromboembolism; DVT: deep vein thrombosis; PE: pulmonary embolism; INR: international normalized ratio

Author/year	Study design	Subject population	Sample size	Study period	Conclusion	Comments
Wu et al. (2010) [38]	NR	Discharged patient with cirrhosis	649,879 patients	1998-2006	VTE was associated with increased mortality in patients with cirrhosis	Cirrhotic patients with age <45 years are at higher risk of VTE than those without liver disease and VTE prophylaxis should be considered
Sogaard et al. (2009) [39]	Case-control study	Patient with liver disease with no underlying cause of VTE	99,444 patients, 49,6872 control	1980-2005	Patients with liver disease have an increased risk of VTE	The risk of DVT was higher than PE
Gulley et al. (2008) [40]	Case-control study	Hospitalized patients with cirrhosis	963 patients, 12,405 control	NR	Both incidences of DVT/PE and comorbidity were higher in cirrhotics	Partial thromboplastin time and serum albumin were independent predictors of DVT/PE in cirrhotics
Northup et al. (2006) [41]	Retrospective case-control study	Hospitalized patients with cirrhosis	113 patients	Eight-year period	Approximately 0.5% of admissions of cirrhotic patients result in a new thrombotic event	Low serum albumin was a strong predictor of increased risk of VTE independent of INR or platelet