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. 2022 Apr 20;13:855522. doi: 10.3389/fphys.2022.855522

FIGURE 4.

FIGURE 4

Parallel and overlapping patterns between ORs in the control of vomiting. (A) Vomiting response assays toward 20% v/v E-2-hexenal with locusts treated with ds RNA mix of OR12 and OR17. n = 5 (24 locusts per replicate) for each assay. Statistical test: unpaired two-tailed t-test. (B) Vomiting response assays toward 20% v/v hexanal with locusts treated with individual dsRNA or a mix of two ORs. n = 3–5 (24 locusts per replicate) for each assay. Statistical test: ordinary one-way ANOVA with uncorrected Fisher’s LSD test. (C) Vomiting response assays toward hexanal at concentrations of 5–50% v/v with locusts treated with dsRNA mix of OR21 and OR22. n = 3 (24 locusts per replicate) for each assay. Statistical test: two-way ANOVA with uncorrected Fisher’s LSD test. (D) Effects of RNAi against two ORs, n = 3. Statistical test: unpaired two-tailed t-test and ordinary one-way ANOVA with uncorrected Fisher’s LSD test. (E) Schematic model showing that OR17, OR21, and OR22 function in both overlapping and parallel manners. For all analyses, statistical differences are represented as follows: ns, not significant, **p < 0.01, ***p < 0.001, and ****p < 0.0001. Different letters indicate statistically significant differences between groups. Data are represented as the mean ± SEM.