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. 2021 Sep 17;9:110–118. doi: 10.1016/j.aninu.2021.08.001

Fig. 2.

Fig. 2

Energy production in colonocytes from the utilization of fuels originating from blood and luminal fluid. This schematic presentation shows the substrates used by the colonocytes for ATP production, as well as the inhibitory effect of ammonium, hydrogen sulfide (H2S), and p-cresol on mitochondrial ATP production when present in excess.