Comparison of analytical performance of the proposed aptasensor and other aptamer-based sensors in determination of cocaine.

Method	Linear range (μM)	Detection limit	Reference
Label free EIS-based aptasensor	0.1–20	100 nM	41
DDIASa-based aptasensor	0.01–5	10 nM	42
Electromagnetic piezoelectric acoustic aptasensor	—	0.3 μM	43
Label-free aptamer-fluorophore assembly	0.2–8	200 nM	44
Enzyme linked aptamer assay	0.1–50	20 nM	45
DNA nanotechnology-based sensing platform	0.1–1000	33 nM	46
Fluorescence anisotropy assay	—	5 μM	47
NPG electrode-based aptasensor	0.05–1 and 1–35	21 nM	This work

^aDNA-directed immobilization of aptamer sensors.