Table 3.
Comparison of clinical outcomes between satisfied and dissatisfied groups at 6 months postoperatively
| Variable | At 6 months | Mean change at 6 months | Difference between groups | |||
|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
|
|
|
|
||||
| Satisfied group (n=128) | Dissatisfied group (n=29) | p-value | Satisfied group (n=128) | Dissatisfied group (n=29) | Satisfied minus dissatisfied group | |
| ZCQ | ||||||
|
| ||||||
| Symptom severity | 2.4±0.7 | 3.5±0.6 | 0.00a) | −1.1 (−1.3 to −1.0) | −0.2 (−0.3 to 0) | −1.0 (−1.4 to −0.7) |
|
| ||||||
| Physical function | 1.7±0.6 | 2.6±0.6 | 0.00b) | −0.9 (−1.0 to −0.8) | −0.1 (−0.3 to 0) | −0.8 (−1.0 to −0.5) |
|
| ||||||
| Satisfaction | 1.7±0.4 | 3.2±0.4 | 0.00b) | |||
|
| ||||||
| VAS | ||||||
|
| ||||||
| Back pain | 32.0±28.2 | 52.6±24.4 | 0.00b) | −28.8 (−35.1 to −22.4) | −3.3 (−16.4 to 9.9) | −25.5 (−40.3 to −10.7) |
|
| ||||||
| Leg pain | 32.1±28.8 | 61.9±24.8 | 0.00b) | −36.5 (−43.0 to −30.0) | −5.1 (−15.9 to 5.6) | −34.0 (−48.7 to −19.4) |
|
| ||||||
| Leg numbness | 33.7±29.6 | 64.0±23.6 | 0.00b) | −28.2 (−34.8 to −21.6) | −2.3 (−14.1 to 9.6) | −28.1 (−42.9 to −13.3) |
|
| ||||||
| JOABPEQ-acquired points | ||||||
|
| ||||||
| Pain-related disorders | 36.6 (30.5 to 42.7) | 2.4 (−11.5 to 16.2) | 33.9 (19.7 to 18.2) | |||
|
| ||||||
| Lumbar dysfunction | 14.2 (8.6 to 19.9) | −16.3 (−29.5 to 3.1) | 30.0 (17.0 to 42.9) | |||
|
| ||||||
| Gait disturbance | 41.9 (36.8 to 47.1) | 3.8 (−7.1 to 14.7) | 38.1 (26.1 to 50.1) | |||
|
| ||||||
| Social life dysfunction | 26.1 (21.8 to 30.3) | −26.3 (−13.1 to 0.4) | 32.8 (23.3 to 42.2) | |||
|
| ||||||
| Psychological disorders | 15.4 (12.5 to 18.3) | −2.9 (−9.7 to 3.8) | 18.7 (11.7 to 25.6) | |||
|
| ||||||
| SF-36 | ||||||
|
| ||||||
| Physical functioning | 69.0±22.2 | 42.8±20.3 | 0.00b) | 24.0 (19.9 to 28.1) | −1.3 (−8.8 to 6.1) | 25.3 (16.1 to 34.6) |
|
| ||||||
| Bodily pain | 62.3±21.5 | 33.0±14.6 | 0.00b) | 31.3 (27.0 to 35.6) | 5.1 (−2.0 to 12.2) | 26.2 (16.6 to 35.9) |
|
| ||||||
| Role physical | 61.2±27.3 | 33.1±24.1 | 0.00b) | 20.5 (15.3 to 25.7) | −6.0 (−15.1 to 3.0) | 26.0 (14.0 to 38.0) |
|
| ||||||
| Role emotional | 68.0±27.8 | 35.4±28.6 | 0.00b) | 18.9 (12.9 to 24.9) | −1.8 (−13.4 to 9.8) | 20.5 (6.9 to 34.1) |
|
| ||||||
| Mental health | 73.3±18.0 | 48.9±20.3 | 0.00b) | 13.5 (10.0 to 16.9) | 2.0 (−5.4 to 9.3) | 11.5 (3.6 to 19.3) |
|
| ||||||
| Social functioning | 77.9±23.8 | 50.9±26.1 | 0.00b) | 16.6 (10.9 to 22.3) | −6.3 (−15.6 to 3.1) | 22.5 (14.0 to 38.0) |
|
| ||||||
| Vitality | 64.3±18.6 | 37.7±19.6 | 0.00b) | 15.3 (11.0 to 19.6) | −2.8 (−10.5 to 4.8) | 18.1 (8.4 to 27.9) |
|
| ||||||
| General health | 58.0±16.9 | 44.4±13.5 | 0.00b) | 8.0 (5.0 to 11.0) | 1.6 (−4.8 to 8.0) | 6.4 (−0.4 to 13.3) |
Values are presented as mean±standard deviation or odds ratio (95% confidence interval).
ZCQ, Zurich Claudication Questionnaire; VAS, Visual Analog Scale; JOABPEQ, Japanese Orthopaedic Association Back Pain Evaluation Questionnaire; SF-36, Medical Outcomes Study 36-Item Short-Form General Health Survey.
a)
By Student t-test.
b)
By Mann-Whitney U-test.