Table 5.

Treatment with gonadotropins for puberty induction or induction of spermatogenesis.

Age (years)	n	First-phase therapy dose frequency	Treatment length (months)	Second phase or unique phase therapy dose frequency		Treatment length (months)	Reference
				rFSH or hMG	hCG or GnRH
18–34.5	16	hCG (n = 12): 1.5–10.000 UI/w	1–14	hMG: 225–750 UI; ?/week	hCG: 3–15 000 IU; ?/week	18–28	(221)
12.8–13.2	3			rFSH: 1.5 U/kg; 3/week	–	12	(219)
13–15.2	37	hCG: 1500 UI 2/w s.c.	6	hMG: 75 UI; 2/week	hCG: 1500 UI 2/week s.c.	24	(222)
13.7–21.1	14			rFSH: 75–100 UI alternative day/week	hCG: 1000–1500 UI; alternative day/week	na	(217)
18–31	8	rFSH: 150 UI/day s.c.	1	rFSH: 150 UI/day s.c.; n = 7	hCG: 1500 IU i.m.; 2/week	2	(223)
10.4–17.7	14	rFSH: 1.5 U/kg (180–450); 3/week s.c.	2–32; n = 9 >12	rFSH: (no dose specified)	hCG: 500–4000 s.c./week; 1–3/week (?)		(215)
14.5–31	19	n= 8: testostosterone	6–36	rFSH; 150–300 UI 3/week*	hCG: 500–1500 UI; 2/week (increments 6 months)	9	(218)
Adults	18	rFSH: 75–150 IU/day	4		GnRH pulsatile	24	(214)
18–45	67	Groups A & B: hCG 2000 UI; 2/week	6	Group A: uFSH 75 UI; 3/week Group B: uFSH 75 UI; 3/week 3 months alternative	Groups A & B: hCG 2000 UI; 2/week	18	(224)
Groups	60						(225)
A: mean 15.5	34	hCG: 250–500 UI 2/week s.c.	250–500 UI increase every 6 months	rFSH: 75–150 UI 3/week (max 150 UI)	hCG: max 2500 UI 3/week	24 ± 7
B: mean 18.8	26	Testosterone (previous to study)	18–68.4; mean 30	rFSH: 75–150 UI 3/week (max 150 UI)	Start 1500 IU s.c. 2/week → max 2500 UI 3/week	22 ± 6
14.8–15.1	2	rFSH: 66.7–112.5 UI; 3/week	6–7	rFSH: 66.7 UI; 3/week	hCG: 500-1500 UI; 3/week	33–34	(220)
14–23	19	FSH (13/19 patients): 75 IU e/week	4	FSH: 75 IU 3/week	hCG: 250–2000; 2/week (increments 6 months)	24	(216)

hCG, human chorionic gonadotropin; hMG, human menopausal gonadotropin; rFSH, recombinant follicle stimulating hormone; GnRH, gonadotropin releasing hormone.