Fig. 1.

SARS-CoV-2 life-cycle and the inhibitory mechanism of some very important antiviral drugs. After attachment to the receptor, the virus will next penetrate the cytosol of the host cell. The next process in the coronavirus lifespan involves the translation of the replicase gene from genomic RNA (gRNA) of the virion, which produces two co-terminal polyproteins, pp1a and pp1ab. Then, almost all the NSPs combine into the Replicase-Transcriptase Complex (RTC) to make an area appropriate for the synthesis of RNA and are conclusively responsible for the subgenomic RNA (sgRNA) replication and transcription. sgRNAs act as mRNAs for the structural and accessory genes existing downstream of the replicase polyprotein. Both gRNAs and sgRNAs are generated by negative-strand intermediate RNAs. The viral structural proteins, S, E, and M, are translated then introduced into the endoplasmic reticulum (ER) after replication and synthesis of the (+) sgRNA. Such proteins pass into the endoplasmic reticulum – Golgi intermediate compartment (ERGIC) along the secretory process. Then, the genome of the virus enclosed by N protein bud within ERGIS membranes, which consists of other viral structural proteins creating mature virions. The particles are transported through vesicles to the cell surface after assembly and released by exocytosis.