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. 2022 May 3;21:139. doi: 10.1186/s12936-022-04130-9

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© The Author(s) 2022

Open AccessThis article is licensed under a Creative Commons Attribution 4.0 International License, which permits use, sharing, adaptation, distribution and reproduction in any medium or format, as long as you give appropriate credit to the original author(s) and the source, provide a link to the Creative Commons licence, and indicate if changes were made. The images or other third party material in this article are included in the article's Creative Commons licence, unless indicated otherwise in a credit line to the material. If material is not included in the article's Creative Commons licence and your intended use is not permitted by statutory regulation or exceeds the permitted use, you will need to obtain permission directly from the copyright holder. To view a copy of this licence, visit http://creativecommons.org/licenses/by/4.0/. The Creative Commons Public Domain Dedication waiver (http://creativecommons.org/publicdomain/zero/1.0/) applies to the data made available in this article, unless otherwise stated in a credit line to the data.

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Fig. 5 — Evolution of the genes encoding the merozoite surface protein 1 and its paralog. A synteny map of the msp1 region is depicted. Notice that an ortholog of the msp1 paralog originally described in P. vivax is found in the genomes of avian parasites. A Bayesian phylogeny on orthologous genes obtained using MrBayes v3.1.2 is provided. The branches with the two msp1 allelic forms in P. falciparum are colored in red. All the lineages leading to extant human malarias are indicated in red