TABLE 2.
Cardiometabolic parameters among childhood cancer survivors and NHANES comparison group
| Parameter | Survivorsa N=164 | NHANESa N=584 | p-value |
|---|---|---|---|
| Body mass index, kg/m2 (mean±SD) | 27.0±6.0 | 28.2±7.6 | 0.05 |
| Body mass index category, n (%) | 0.16 | ||
| Underweight (<18.5 kg/m2) | 6 (3.7) | 9 (1.5) | |
| Normal (18.5–24.9 kg/m2) | 69 (42.1) | 214 (36.8) | |
| Overweight (25.0–29.9 kg/m2) | 47 (28.7) | 178 (30.6) | |
| Obese (≥30 kg/m2) | 42 (25.6) | 181 (31.1) | |
| Waist circumference, cm (mean±SD) | 91.5±13.9 | 95.7±17.5 | 0.006 |
| Blood pressure, mmHg (mean±SD) | |||
| Systolic | 116.6±12.3 | 114.3±11.5 | 0.04 |
| Diastolic | 69.9±9.3 | 68.0±10.6 | 0.03 |
| Blood pressure category, n (%) | 0.13 | ||
| Normal, <120/80 mmHg | 101 (61.6) | 397 (69.9) | |
| Elevated/Pre-hypertensive, 120–129/80 mmHg | 31 (18.9) | 85 (15.0) | |
| Hypertensive, ≥130/80 mmHg | 32 (19.5) | 86 (15.1) | |
| Known hypertension | 5 (3.0) | 33 (5.7) | 0.18 |
| Lipids | |||
| Total cholesterol, mg/dL (mean±SD) | 180.7±49.1 | 178.9±38.5 | 0.61 |
| Total cholesterol ≥200 mg/dL, n (%) | 46 (28.8) | 158 (27.8) | 0.82 |
| HDL, mg/dL (mean ±SD) | 52.5±12.7 | 50.1±14.7 | 0.07 |
| Low HDL, n (%)b | 39 (23.8) | 208 (35.6) | 0.004 |
| Triglyceride, mg/dL (mean±SD) | 130.1±314.1 | 117.1±146.0 | 0.56 |
| Triglyceride ≥150 mg/dL, n (%) | 30 (18.8) | 46 (17.4) | 0.72 |
| Known dyslipidemia | 6 (3.7) | 19 (3.3) | 0.78 |
| Blood sugar | |||
| Fasting glucose, mg/dL (mean±SD) | 89.7±23.3 | 97.9±20.0 | <0.001 |
| Hemoglobin-A1c, % (mean±SD) | 5.1±0.7 | 5.2±0.4 | 0.01 |
| Pre-diabetes, n (%) | 16 (9.9) | 90 (15.8) | 0.06 |
| Diabetes, n (%) | 4 (2.5) | 9 (1.6) | 0.50 |
| Known diabetes | 2 (1.2) | 8 (1.4) | >0.99 |
| Metabolic syndrome-defining criteriac, n (%) | |||
| ≥2 criteria | 43 (26.7) | 194 (55.9) | <0.001 |
| ≥3 criteria | 19 (11.9) | 73 (18.7) | 0.05 |
a
Column-based percentages presented unless otherwise stated; percentages exclude those with missing values
b
Males if <40 mg/dL and females if <50 mg/dL
c
ATP III criteria (≥3 meet formal metabolic syndrome definition): waist circumference >102 cm (males) or >88 cm (females); blood pressure ≥130/85 mmHg; HDL<40 mg/dL (males) or <50 mg/dL (females), fasting triglyceride level ≥150 mg/dL, fasting glucose ≥100 mg/dL)
Abbreviations: HDL, high-density lipoprotein; SD, standard deviation