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. 2022 May 1;13(1):808–832. doi: 10.1080/21505594.2022.2068489

Figure 2.

Figure 2

Cytokine profiles of lung and spleen single cells after ex vivo stimulation with CFA. At four weeks after the last immunization, mice were sacrificed, and (a) lung single cells and (b) spleen single cells harvested from each group (n = 4) were stimulated with CFA (0, 2, or 10 µg/ml) at 37°C for 12 h. Secreted cytokines in the collected supernatants were quantified by ELISA, and the data are represented as a scatter plot with bars. Statistically significant differences among all groups in (a) and (b) were determined by one-way ANOVA with Tukey’s multiple comparison test, and the results are presented as the means value along with the S.Ds. *p <.05, **p <.01, ***p <.001, ****p <.0001 and n.s.: not significant. The representative results are shown from a single in vivo experiment. CFA, culture filtrate antigen; Control, GLA-SE immunization alone; GLA-SE, glucopyranosyl lipid a adjuvant formulated in a stable oil-in-water emulsion; GLA-SE/CDG, GLA-SE plus cyclic-di-GMP.