Fig 3. Characterization of lumefantrine, mefloquine, and chloroquine transport via PfMDR1.

(a–c) There were significant differences in the apparent kinetic parameters of lumefantrine (a), mefloquine (b), and chloroquine (c) transport between field isoforms of PfMDR1. The concentration dependence of PfMDR1-mediated drug transport was calculated by subtracting the leakage from ne from that of oocytes expressing a PfMDR1 isoform at each drug concentration. (d–f) The transport of [³H]vinblastine via PfMDR1 was inhibited by lumefantrine (d), [³H]mefloquine (e), and [³H]chloroquine (f). The data are the mean of n = 4 independent experiments (each yielding similar results), and the error is the SEM. The asterisks denote a significant difference from PfMDR1^NYSND; *P < 0.05, **P < 0.01, ***P < 0.001, ns nonsignificant (1-way ANOVA). The data underlying this figure is supplied in S3 Data. ne, nonexpressing oocytes; PfMDR1, Plasmodium falciparum multidrug resistance protein 1.