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. 2022 May 4;13:2453. doi: 10.1038/s41467-022-29939-5

Table 2.

Energy and Force MAE for molecules on the revised MD-17 data set, reported in units of [meV] and [meV/Å], respectively, and a training budget of 1000 reference configurations.

Molecule FCHL19 UNiTE GAP ANI ACE GemNet-(T/Q) NequIP (l = 0) NequIP (l = 1) NequIP (l = 2) NequIP (l = 3)
Aspirin Energy 6.2 2.4 17.7 16.6 6.1 25.2 3.8 2.4 2.3
Forces 20.9 7.6 44.9 40.6 17.9 9.5 42.2 12.6 8.5 8.2
Azobenzene Energy 2.8 1.1 8.5 15.9 3.6 20.3 1.1 0.8 0.7
Forces 10.8 4.2 24.5 35.4 10.9 34.4 4.5 3.3 2.9
Benzene Energy 0.3 0.07 0.75 3.3 0.04 3.2 0.09 0.06 0.04
Forces 2.6 0.73 6.0 10.0 0.5 0.5 10.3 0.4 0.4 0.3
Ethanol Energy 0.9 0.62 3.5 2.5 1.2 2.0 1.0 0.5 0.4
Forces 6.2 3.7 18.1 13.4 7.3 3.6 11.9 6.5 3.5 2.8
Malonaldehyde Energy 1.5 1.1 4.8 4.6 1.7 4.4 1.6 0.9 0.8
Forces 10.2 6.6 26.4 24.5 11.1 6.6 23.2 10.3 5.9 5.1
Naphthalene Energy 1.2 0.46 3.8 11.3 0.9 14.7 0.4 0.3 0.2
Forces 6.5 2.6 16.5 29.2 5.1 1.9 20.6 2.1 1.4 1.3
Paracetamol Energy 2.9 1.9 8.5 11.5 4.0 17.5 2.1 1.4 1.4
Forces 12.2 7.1 28.9 30.4 12.7 33.6 9.3 5.9 5.9
Salicylic acid Energy 1.8 0.73 5.6 9.2 1.8 11.4 1.0 0.8 0.7
Forces 9.5 3.8 24.7 29.7 9.3 5.3 29.8 5.7 4.2 4.0
Toluene Energy 1.6 0.45 4.0 7.7 1.1 9.7 0.5 0.3 0.3
Forces 8.8 2.5 17.8 24.3 6.5 2.2 26.6 2.6 1.8 1.6
Uracil Energy 0.6 0.58 3.0 5.1 1.1 10.0 0.6 0.4 0.4
Forces 4.2 3.8 17.6 21.4 6.6 3.8 26.0 4.1 2.9 3.1

For GemNet, the best result out of the T/Q versions is presented. For FCHL19, the best results between energy-only, force-only and joint force and energy training are presented. For UNiTE, we compare to the “direct-learning" results reported in26.

Best results are marked in bold.